Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe yokufaka izimonyo, izinkampani noma abacwaningi bazothuthukisa izinto ezinemibala ehlukene, amandla kanye nokuvumelana nezimo nezinye izakhiwo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokwakha ngokuqinisekile zilungele abathengi bokufaka izimonyo. Kepha abantu abaningi abajwayelekile kwesinye isikhathi badideka kakhulu, bedidekile phakathi kwabo kulokho umehluko lowo, ekugcineni, akuyona into efanayo.
Abantu abaningi banemibuzo nge-acrylic esetshenziswa kaningi. Kubukeka njengengilazi kude, kepha kubukeka njengepulasitiki lapho kubukeka ngaso. Ibizwa nge-acrylic, ingabe ingilazi noma ipulasitiki?
Yini i-acrylic
I-acrylic yigama elivame kakhulu kulokhu okuqukethwe, elaziwa nangokuthi ingilazi ye-organic, igama lesiNgisi yi-polymathy methacrylate. Lesi sifinyezo yi-PMMA, igama laso eligcwele libizwa ngePolmathy Methacrylate, izinto zalo ezingavuthiwe zingezakhemikhali ze-acrylic.
Imvamisa, singezwa igama likakotini we-acrylic, i-acrylic yentambo, i-acrylic nylon nokunye, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwamashidi we-acrylic. Amashidi we-acrylic enziwe ngezinhlayiya ze-acrylic kanye ne-resin nokunye ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto, ngenkathi ezinye izindwangu ze-acrylic zenziwe ngemicu ye-acrylic, akuzona ezigaba ezifanayo.
Izikhathi eziningi sinomuzwa wokuthi i-acrylic iyinto entsha, kepha yasungulwa iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Kusukela ngo-1872, leli polymer lakhiwe latholakala. Kuze kube ngu-1920 ishidi lokuqala le-acrylic lahlelwa kuphela elabhorethri. Ifektri egcwaliswe efektri ye-Acrylic Sheet ngo-1927. I-acrylic yokuqala ekhiqizwayo yasetshenziswa kuphela endizeni. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, ngokuthuthuka nokuvuthwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, i-acrylic yaqala ukusetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini eziningi. Ngokubonisa kwezimbiza ze-acrylic ezikhanyayo, ezenzelwe kahle izimonyo zikhanya njengedayimane.
Manje, i-acrylic isiphenduke izinto ezibalulekile ezimbonini eziningi, njengamabhodlela wokufaka izimonyo, izimbiza, izibani zezimoto, amalambu ezimoto, ama-liptent amapayipi, amapayipi asobala nezobuciko, njll.
Izici ze-acrylic
I-acrylic inokucaca okuphezulu, umbono ocacile, ungafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-92% ukukhanya okudlulisela ukukhanya, ukuhanjiswa okukhanyayo kwengilazi ejwayelekile kungama-85% kuphela. Ingafinyelela obala kwengilazi ye-optical, ngisho nangemva kokudaya okwandisa umphumela wobuhle we-acrylic. I-transmittance ye-acrylic isiza ukwenza amabhodlela amaningi we-acrylic acwebezelayo acwebezelayo nezimbiza.
Ngenxa yezakhiwo ezikhethekile ezibonakalayo, amandla we-acrylic angaphezu kwezikhathi eziyishumi nambili zengilazi ejwayelekile. I-acrylic ingachazwa ngegama elinamandla ngokuqhathaniswa nengilazi ejwayelekile. Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngemikhiqizo ye-acrylic izohlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Imikhiqizo esobala ittanyezeke ngokuklanywa. Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, i-acrylic nayo ingenye yezinto ezibonakalayo ezigqokwa kakhulu.
I-acrylic iqala ukuthambisa ngo-113 ℃, inclingise ngo-160 ℃. Lokhu kushisa kwenza kube yipulasitiki enkulu, kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isimo kalula.
I-acrylic imelana kakhulu nezinguquko zokushisa, umswakama, i-acid kanye ne-alkline, okwenza ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle.
Yize i-acrylic inezinzuzo eziningi kangaka, kepha isenokubi okuthile. Owokuqala yintengo, i-acrylic ibiza kakhulu kunengilazi, kunzima ukufaka esikhundleni sengilazi ngokuphelele. Okwesibili, ngenxa yendawo yayo ephansi yokulahla, i-acrylic ngenkathi kuvezwa ngokuqondile ilangabi kuzoncibilika futhi ekugcineni kushise. I-acrylic evuthayo izokhulula intuthu enobuthi, ngakho-ke lapho inqunywe ngamathuluzi we-elekthronikhi, kuzoba ukushisa okushisayo futhi kulula ukumane ugobe.
Kubukeka njengengilazi kepha kufana nepulasitiki
I-acrylic ingeyoku-polymerized polymer, okuyi-thermoplastic. Yebo, ufunda lelo lungelo, kungopulasitiki.
I-acrylic yenziwa nge-monomerm methyl methacrrylate polymerization, ngakho-ke yini umehluko phakathi kwe-acrylic namanye amapulasitiki?
Ngenxa yezimpawu eziningi ezifanayo ze-acrylic nengilazi, ezinye izinzuzo ngaphezulu zengilazi, futhi ezinye izinzuzo zingakha ngokuphelele ukushiyeka kwengilazi.
Izinto ezibonakalayo zingenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini eziningi, futhi abakhiqizi kanye nabakhiqizi bavame ukukhetha lezi zinhlamvu ezisobala njengenye indlela lapho ingilazi yendabuko isinda kakhulu noma iqhekeka kalula.
I-acrylic kwenzeka ukuthi lezi zindawo zengilazi noma izinto ezibonakalayo, kepha akusilo ingilazi, ngakho-ke kubizwa ngokuthi yi-plexiglass.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-acrylic
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-acrylic iyafana nakwamanye amapulasitiki, ngaphandle kokuthi amazinga okushisa athile kanye ne-catalyst eyengeziwe ingahluka.
Cast cast
I-Casting idinga isikhunta, i-acrylic ebilinayo ithululelwa ekubumbeni futhi ishiywe amahora amaningi ize ibe yi-si-solid futhi ingasuswa kulokhu isikhunta.
Ngemuva kokuthi ishidi lishiya isikhunta, lidluliselwa ku-autoclave, umshini okhethekile osebenza ngokufanayo nompheki wengcindezi kanye nehhavini. I-autoclave isebenzisa ukushisa nengcindezi yokunciphisa ama-bubble omoya ngaphandle kweplastiki, kunikeze ukucaciseleka okuphezulu namandla amakhulu, le nqubo ivame ukuthatha amahora amaningi.
After removing the molded acrylic from the autoclave, the surface and edges need to be polished several times, first with a small grain of sandpaper and then with a soft cloth wheel to ensure a smooth and clear acrylic surface.
Ukubumba kokukhishwa
Izinto ezibonakalayo ze-acrylic pellet zingezwa emshinini wokukhishwa, okushisa impahla eluhlaza kuze kube yilapho ifinyelela cishe ngo-150 ° C futhi ikuvumela ukuba ibe ne-viscous.
Lapho-ke yondliwa phakathi kwemishini emibili ye-roller, futhi ipulasitiki ebilisiwe ithambisa yingcindezi ephepheni elifanayo, bese ishidi lipholile futhi lenziwe liqinile.
Ishidi linqunywe kusayizi olifunayo futhi lilungele ukusetshenziswa ngemuva kokugaya nokupholizwa. Ukubumba kokukhishwa kungacindezela kuphela amashidi we-Thinner futhi akudali amanye amajamo noma amashidi amakhulu.
Ukubumba komjovo
Njengeminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki yezinqubo zokujova isikhunta, ukubumba kokujoka kwe-acrylic futhi kubeka umshini wokuhlanganisa wokuhlobisa noma we-screws umjovo, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lincibilika izinto ezivuthiwe zibe yi-paste.
Ngemuva kwalokho izinto zokwakha zifakwe emgodini ohlukumezekile futhi zakhiwe ngesimo esinqunyelwe ngemuva kokomiswa ngokujikeleza komoya okushisayo, bese kulungele ukusetshenziswa ngemuva kokugaya nokuphola.
Namuhla, ukusetshenziswa kwe-acrylic kuyanda unyaka nonyaka. Yize i-acrylic ingenye yamapulasitiki amadala asetshenziswa namuhla, ukuvela kwayo okubonakalayo kanye nokumelana nezindawo zangaphandle kwenza kube yisinqumo sokuqala sezicelo eziningi zezimboni ezinjengezicelo zezimboni.
